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Tetradecanoyl-CoA (M2MDB000409)

Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2012-05-31 13:53:57 -0600
Update Date2015-06-03 15:54:10 -0600
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • ECMDB01521
Identification
Name:Tetradecanoyl-CoA
DescriptionTetradecanoyl-CoA (or myristoyl-CoA) is an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid elongation and the beta oxidation of fatty acids. It is also used in the myristoylation of proteins. The first pass through the beta-oxidation process starts with the saturated fatty acid palmitoyl-CoA and produces myristoyl-CoA. A total of four enzymatic steps are required, starting with VLCAD CoA dehydrogenase (Very Long Chain) activity, followed by three enzymatic steps catalyzed by enoyl-CoA hydratase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and ketoacyl-CoA thiolase. Myristoylation of proteins is also catalyzed by the presence of myristoyl-CoA along with Myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase (NMT). Myristoylation is an irreversible, co-translational (during translation) protein modification found in animals, plants, fungi and viruses. In this protein modification a myristoyl group (derived from myristioyl CoA) is covalently attached via an amide bond to the alpha-amino group of an N-terminal amino acid of a nascent polypeptide. It is more common on glycine residues but also occurs on other amino acids. Myristoylation also occurs post-translationally, for example when previously internal glycine residues become exposed by caspase cleavage during apoptosis.
Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms:
  • Myristoyl-CoA
  • Myristoyl-coenzyme A
  • N-C14:0CoA
  • N-C14:0Coenzyme A
  • S-Tetradecanoyl-coenzyme A
  • Tetradecanoyl CoA
  • Tetradecanoyl Coenzyme A
  • Tetradecanoyl-CoA
  • Tetradecanoyl-CoA (N-C14:0CoA)
  • Tetradecanoyl-coenzyme A
Chemical Formula:C35H62N7O17P3S
Weight:Average: 977.89
Monoisotopic: 977.313573819
InChI Key:DUAFKXOFBZQTQE-XVDJLSDJSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/C35H62N7O17P3S/c1-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-26(44)63-19-18-37-25(43)16-17-38-33(47)30(46)35(2,3)21-56-62(53,54)59-61(51,52)55-20-24-29(58-60(48,49)50)28(45)34(57-24)42-23-41-27-31(36)39-22-40-32(27)42/h22-24,28-30,34,45-46H,4-21H2,1-3H3,(H,37,43)(H,38,47)(H,51,52)(H,53,54)(H2,36,39,40)(H2,48,49,50)/t24-,28-,29-,30?,34-/m1/s1
CAS number:3130-72-1
IUPAC Name:{[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-({[hydroxy({[hydroxy({3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3-[(2-{[2-(tetradecanoylsulfanyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)carbamoyl]propoxy})phosphoryl]oxy})phosphoryl]oxy}methyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy}phosphonic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name:[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-[({hydroxy[hydroxy(3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3-[(2-{[2-(tetradecanoylsulfanyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)carbamoyl]propoxy)phosphoryl]oxyphosphoryl}oxy)methyl]oxolan-3-yl]oxyphosphonic acid
SMILES:CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)SCCNC(=O)CCNC(=O)C(O)C(C)(C)COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acyl coas. These are acyl CoAs where the group acylated to the coenzyme A moiety is a long aliphatic chain of 13 to 21 carbon atoms.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty acyl thioesters
Direct ParentLong-chain fatty acyl CoAs
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Coenzyme a or derivatives
  • Purine ribonucleoside 3',5'-bisphosphate
  • Purine ribonucleoside bisphosphate
  • Purine ribonucleoside diphosphate
  • Ribonucleoside 3'-phosphate
  • Pentose phosphate
  • Pentose-5-phosphate
  • Beta amino acid or derivatives
  • Glycosyl compound
  • N-glycosyl compound
  • 6-aminopurine
  • Monosaccharide phosphate
  • Organic pyrophosphate
  • Pentose monosaccharide
  • Imidazopyrimidine
  • Purine
  • Monoalkyl phosphate
  • Aminopyrimidine
  • Imidolactam
  • N-acyl-amine
  • N-substituted imidazole
  • Organic phosphoric acid derivative
  • Monosaccharide
  • Pyrimidine
  • Alkyl phosphate
  • Fatty amide
  • Phosphoric acid ester
  • Tetrahydrofuran
  • Imidazole
  • Azole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Carbothioic s-ester
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Thiocarboxylic acid ester
  • Carboxamide group
  • Secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Sulfenyl compound
  • Thiocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Azacycle
  • Oxacycle
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organosulfur compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Amine
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State:Solid
Charge:-4
Melting point:Not Available
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility2.21 g/LALOGPS
logP1.84ALOGPS
logP-1.4ChemAxon
logS-2.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)0.83ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)4.95ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count17ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count9ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area363.63 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count32ChemAxon
Refractivity227.45 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability96.43 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
Bioavailability0ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations:Cytoplasm
Reactions:
Adenosine triphosphate + Coenzyme A + Hydrogen ion + tetradecanoate (n-C14:0) > Adenosine monophosphate + Hydrogen ion + Pyrophosphate + Tetradecanoyl-CoA
Acetyl-CoA + Tetradecanoyl-CoA <> 3-Oxohexadecanoyl-CoA + Coenzyme A
FAD + Tetradecanoyl-CoA <> FADH2 + (2E)-Tetradecenoyl-CoA
Water + Tetradecanoyl-CoA > Coenzyme A + Hydrogen ion + tetradecanoate (n-C14:0)
3-Oxododecanoyl-CoA + Coenzyme A > Acetyl-CoA + Tetradecanoyl-CoA
Tetradecanoyl-CoA + electron-transfer flavoprotein > (2E)-Tetradecenoyl-CoA + Reduced electron-transfer flavoprotein
Tetradecanoyl-CoA + Acetyl-CoA <> 3-Oxohexadecanoyl-CoA + Coenzyme A
Myristic acid + Coenzyme A + Adenosine triphosphate > Adenosine monophosphate + Tetradecanoyl-CoA
SMPDB Pathways:
Fatty acid metabolismPW000796 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
fatty acid oxidation (laurate)PW001020 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
fatty acid oxidation (myristate)PW001021 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG Pathways:
EcoCyc Pathways:Not Available
Concentrations
Not Available
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-1911101102-349a13615858f61c2639View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-0941300000-9797f6c398276f5d5e98View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-000i-2900102000-cc4f9c8978927acec695View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0a7i-4971342506-ab177bf279e0e32e2b12View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0560-3921201001-624d08d1bbb66df93c2eView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-057i-6900000000-d973a8b2d469b04161ebView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-004i-0000000009-3239f04ec07dfb05c844View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-004i-4120302409-5222d96c1a16a7c2a7dfView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0570-2102301209-fd8e6272e04594f37eaaView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-004i-0000000009-7a4d637e9994bab811ebView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-0800100449-955bc85312168f96efe1View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00di-0101900000-c9607999f9d61657c1fbView in MoNA
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
References
References:
  • Hunt MC, Ruiter J, Mooyer P, van Roermond CW, Ofman R, Ijlst L, Wanders RJ: Identification of fatty acid oxidation disorder patients with lowered acyl-CoA thioesterase activity in human skin fibroblasts. Eur J Clin Invest. 2005 Jan;35(1):38-46. Pubmed: 15638818
  • Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114. Pubmed: 22080510
  • Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590. Pubmed: 21097882
Synthesis Reference:Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID15532
HMDB IDHMDB01521
Pubchem Compound ID1126
Kegg IDC02593
ChemSpider ID58623
Wikipedia IDNot Available
BioCyc IDTETRADECANOYL-COA
EcoCyc IDTETRADECANOYL-COA

Enzymes

Protein Details
1. 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase
General function:
Involved in acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the final step of fatty acid oxidation in which acetyl-CoA is released and the CoA ester of a fatty acid two carbons shorter is formed. Involved in the aerobic and anaerobic degradation of long-chain fatty acids
Gene Name:
fadA
Uniprot ID:
P21151
Molecular weight:
40876
Reactions
Acyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = CoA + 3-oxoacyl-CoA.
Protein Details
2. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the esterification, concomitant with transport, of exogenous long-chain fatty acids into metabolically active CoA thioesters for subsequent degradation or incorporation into phospholipids
Gene Name:
fadD
Uniprot ID:
P69451
Molecular weight:
62332
Reactions
ATP + a long-chain fatty acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA.
Protein Details
3. 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase_
General function:
Involved in transferase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the final step of fatty acid oxidation in which acetyl-CoA is released and the CoA ester of a fatty acid two carbons shorter is formed. Strongly involved in the anaerobic degradation of long and medium-chain fatty acids in the presence of nitrate and weakly involved in the aerobic degradation of long- chain fatty acids
Gene Name:
fadI
Uniprot ID:
P76503
Molecular weight:
46530
Reactions
Acyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = CoA + 3-oxoacyl-CoA.
Protein Details
4. Acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
General function:
Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the dehydrogenation of acyl-CoA
Gene Name:
fadE
Uniprot ID:
Q47146
Molecular weight:
89224
Reactions
An acyl-CoA + FAD = a dehydrogenated acyl-CoA + FADH(2).
Protein Details
5. Short-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the esterification, concomitant with transport, of exogenous fatty acids into metabolically active CoA thioesters for subsequent degradation or incorporation into phospholipids. It has a low activity on medium or long chain fatty acids and is maximally active on C6 and C8 substrates
Gene Name:
fadK
Uniprot ID:
P38135
Molecular weight:
60773
Reactions
ATP + a short-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA.
Protein Details
6. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 2
General function:
Involved in acyl-CoA hydrolase activity
Specific function:
Can hydrolyze a broad range of acyl-CoA thioesters. Its physiological function is not known
Gene Name:
tesB
Uniprot ID:
P0AGG2
Molecular weight:
31966