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Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2012-05-31 13:01:05 -0600
Update Date2015-09-13 12:56:09 -0600
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • ECMDB00764
Identification
Name:Hydrocinnamic acid
DescriptionHydrocinnamic acid is an analogue of phenylalanine. It is a substrate of the enzyme oxidoreductases [EC 1.14.12.-] in the pathway phenylalanine metabolism (KEGG).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms:
  • 3-Phenyl-N-propionate
  • 3-Phenyl-N-propionic acid
  • 3-Phenylpropanoate
  • 3-Phenylpropanoic acid
  • 3-Phenylpropionate
  • 3-Phenylpropionic acid
  • B-Phenylpropionate
  • B-Phenylpropionic acid
  • Benzenepropionate
  • Benzenepropionic acid
  • Benzylacetate
  • Benzylacetic acid
  • Beta-Phenylpropionate
  • Beta-Phenylpropionic acid
  • Dihydrocinnamate
  • Dihydrocinnamic acid
  • HCA
  • Hydrocinnamate
  • Hydrocinnamic acid
  • Omega-Phenylpropanoate
  • Omega-Phenylpropanoic acid
  • Phenylpropanoate
  • Phenylpropanoic acid
  • PPA
  • W-Phenylpropanoate
  • W-Phenylpropanoic acid
  • β-Phenylpropionate
  • β-Phenylpropionic acid
Chemical Formula:C9H10O2
Weight:Average: 150.1745
Monoisotopic: 150.068079564
InChI Key:XMIIGOLPHOKFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/C9H10O2/c10-9(11)7-6-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-5H,6-7H2,(H,10,11)
CAS number:501-52-0
IUPAC Name:3-phenylpropanoic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name:3-phenylpropionic acid
SMILES:OC(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanoic acids. Phenylpropanoic acids are compounds with a structure containing a benzene ring conjugated to a propanoic acid.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassPhenylpropanoids and polyketides
ClassPhenylpropanoic acids
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentPhenylpropanoic acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 3-phenylpropanoic-acid
  • Benzenoid
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State:Solid
Charge:-1
Melting point:45-48 °C
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility:5.9 mg/mL [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]PhysProp
LogP:1.84 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)]PhysProp
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility1.7 g/LALOGPS
logP1.84ALOGPS
logP2.06ChemAxon
logS-1.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.73ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area37.3 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity41.97 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability15.94 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations:Cytoplasm
Reactions:
SMPDB Pathways:
Phenylalanine metabolismPW000921 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG Pathways:
  • Microbial metabolism in diverse environments ec01120
  • Phenylalanine metabolism ec00360
EcoCyc Pathways:
  • 3-phenylpropionate and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionate degradation to 2-oxopent-4-enoate HCAMHPDEG-PWY
Concentrations
Not Available
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udi-1920000000-829ee511cbcb511eaa0dView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS)splash10-0udi-6910000000-1df0ef2a35aedd93b1f0View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udl-9600000000-685b73e7f17a8be64f76View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9400000000-6b08d11fe7d8828ea0b4View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - CI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udi-0900000000-271b64525610b577f87cView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udl-9300000000-faf8506e70502be88599View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0f6x-9800000000-6d3e3634b1663556c431View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udi-1940000000-4bdbde45f0dac2b3ec59View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udi-1920000000-829ee511cbcb511eaa0dView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udi-6910000000-1df0ef2a35aedd93b1f0View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udi-2910000000-b14f8ca2c631d87eb834View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0f6x-8900000000-bbfe334bf7c6f8fab3edView in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0596-9510000000-32f6cb9988fbfb2c022eView in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negativesplash10-0002-0900000000-56bd4f79b41d2e676de8View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negativesplash10-0002-0900000000-7cb5eea800e6e65e5ea1View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negativesplash10-052b-2900000000-b4b013241fad936a6040View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9100000000-21973848f978136e5896View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , Negativesplash10-00dj-0229210000-3bd038d0275527aaf06eView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , Negativesplash10-00dj-0229210000-3bd038d0275527aaf06eView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0002-0900000000-56bd4f79b41d2e676de8View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0002-0900000000-7cb5eea800e6e65e5ea1View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-052b-2900000000-b4b013241fad936a6040View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0006-9100000000-21973848f978136e5896View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT , negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-b8bb01617b312682874bView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 35V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-5d1cbf0e902fef2a674dView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-0udi-0900000000-60af9a7ac23f78383156View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-0006-9100000000-9009f92e094d3f88cea0View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-000f-9000000000-1009c57a9a26d3fd03a1View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80) , Positivesplash10-0udl-9600000000-f55343cc6dbf913455ecView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (JEOL JMS-D-300) , Positivesplash10-0006-9400000000-6b08d11fe7d8828ea0b4View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - CI-B (JEOL JMS-D-300) , Positivesplash10-0udi-0900000000-271b64525610b577f87cView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80B) , Positivesplash10-0udl-9300000000-0b08772b626dd7c66febView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0002-0900000000-5b044bdcdf02a8a2de01View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0532-0900000000-c1c19922a709d7d6d7ceView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-053r-3900000000-c83fd537546837259692View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0002-0900000000-5b044bdcdf02a8a2de01View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0532-0900000000-c1c19922a709d7d6d7ceView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-053r-3900000000-c83fd537546837259692View in MoNA
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
References
References:
  • Allen MC, Stafford CG, Nocerini MR: Quantitation of 4-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-3-(3-methylsulfanyl-2- [2-[(morpholine-4-carbonyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionylamino]propi onylamino ) butyric acid isopropyl ester (CP-80,794), a renin inhibitor, and its hydrolytic cleavage metabolite 2-[(morpholine-4-carbonyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionic acid (CP-84,364) in dog and human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1997 Aug 29;696(2):243-51. Pubmed: 9323544
  • Iyer RA, Malhotra B, Khan S, Mitroka J, Bonacorsi S Jr, Waller SC, Rinehart JK, Kripalani K: Comparative biotransformation of radiolabeled [(14)C]omapatrilat and stable-labeled [(13)C(2)]omapatrilat after oral administration to rats, dogs, and humans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Jan;31(1):67-75. Pubmed: 12485955
  • Iyer RA, Mitroka J, Malhotra B, Bonacorsi S Jr, Waller SC, Rinehart JK, Roongta VA, Kripalani K: Metabolism of [(14)C]omapatrilat, a sulfhydryl-containing vasopeptidase inhibitor in humans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jan;29(1):60-9. Pubmed: 11124231
  • Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114. Pubmed: 22080510
  • Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590. Pubmed: 21097882
  • van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25. Pubmed: 17765195
  • Winder, C. L., Dunn, W. B., Schuler, S., Broadhurst, D., Jarvis, R., Stephens, G. M., Goodacre, R. (2008). "Global metabolic profiling of Escherichia coli cultures: an evaluation of methods for quenching and extraction of intracellular metabolites." Anal Chem 80:2939-2948. Pubmed: 18331064
Synthesis Reference:Muller, August John; Bowers, Joseph Stanton, Jr.; Eubanks, John Robert Ira; Geiger, Carey Cecil; Santobianco, John Gabriel. Process for preparing hydrocinnamic acid from cinnamaldehyde. PCT Int. Appl. (1999), 18 pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID28631
HMDB IDHMDB00764
Pubchem Compound ID107
Kegg IDC05629
ChemSpider ID10181339
Wikipedia IDPhenylpropanoic_acid
BioCyc ID3-PHENYLPROPIONATE
EcoCyc ID3-PHENYLPROPIONATE
Ligand ExpoHCI

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in iron ion binding
Specific function:
Part of the multicomponent 3-phenylpropionate dioxygenase. Converts 3-phenylpropionic acid (PP) and cinnamic acid (CI) into 3-phenylpropionate-dihydrodiol (PP-dihydrodiol) and cinnamic acid-dihydrodiol (CI-dihydrodiol), respectively
Gene Name:
hcaE
Uniprot ID:
P0ABR5
Molecular weight:
51109
Reactions
3-phenylpropanoate + NADH + O(2) = 3-(cis-5,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)propanoate + NAD(+).
(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate + NADH + O(2) = (2E)-3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate + NAD(+).
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Part of the multicomponent 3-phenylpropionate dioxygenase, that converts 3-phenylpropionic acid (PP) and cinnamic acid (CI) into 3-phenylpropionate-dihydrodiol (PP- dihydrodiol) and cinnamic acid-dihydrodiol (CI-dihydrodiol), respectively. This protein seems to be a 2Fe-2S ferredoxin
Gene Name:
hcaC
Uniprot ID:
P0ABW0
Molecular weight:
11329
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Part of the multicomponent 3-phenylpropionate dioxygenase, that converts 3-phenylpropionic acid (PP) and cinnamic acid (CI) into 3-phenylpropionate-dihydrodiol (PP- dihydrodiol) and cinnamic acid-dihydrodiol (CI-dihydrodiol), respectively
Gene Name:
hcaD
Uniprot ID:
P77650
Molecular weight:
43978
Reactions
Reduced ferredoxin + NAD(+) = oxidized ferredoxin + NADH.
General function:
Involved in 3-phenylpropionate dioxygenase activity
Specific function:
Part of the multicomponent 3-phenylpropionate dioxygenase. Converts 3-phenylpropionic acid (PP) and cinnamic acid (CI) into 3-phenylpropionate-dihydrodiol (PP-dihydrodiol) and cinnamic acid-dihydrodiol (CI-dihydrodiol), respectively
Gene Name:
hcaF
Uniprot ID:
Q47140
Molecular weight:
20579
Reactions
3-phenylpropanoate + NADH + O(2) = 3-(cis-5,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)propanoate + NAD(+).
(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate + NADH + O(2) = (2E)-3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate + NAD(+).

Transporters

General function:
Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:
Probable permease involved in the uptake of 3- phenylpropionic acid
Gene Name:
hcaT
Uniprot ID:
Q47142
Molecular weight:
41592
General function:
Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:
Could be a transporter for 3-phenylpropionate (hydrocinnamic acid)
Gene Name:
mhpT
Uniprot ID:
P77589
Molecular weight:
41550
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Non-specific porin
Gene Name:
ompN
Uniprot ID:
P77747
Molecular weight:
41220
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Uptake of inorganic phosphate, phosphorylated compounds, and some other negatively charged solutes
Gene Name:
phoE
Uniprot ID:
P02932
Molecular weight:
38922
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
OmpF is a porin that forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane. It is also a receptor for the bacteriophage T2
Gene Name:
ompF
Uniprot ID:
P02931
Molecular weight:
39333
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane
Gene Name:
ompC
Uniprot ID:
P06996
Molecular weight:
40368