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Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2012-05-31 09:56:13 -0600
Update Date2015-09-13 12:56:05 -0600
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • ECMDB00055
Identification
Name:Cellobiose
DescriptionCellobiose is a disaccharide consisting of two glucose units in a beta (1-4) glycosidic linkage. It is an intermediate of starch and sucrose metabolism. It is formed through the action of endo-1,4-D-glucanase and converted to beta-D-glucose by beta-D-glucoside glucohydrolase (EC:3.2.1.21). (KEGG)
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms:
  • 4-β-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
  • 4-(b-D-Glucosido)-D-glucose
  • 4-(b-delta-Glucosido)-delta-glucose
  • 4-(b-δ-glucosido)-δ-Glucose
  • 4-(beta-D-Glucosido)-D-glucose
  • 4-(beta-delta-Glucosido)-delta-glucose
  • 4-(β-D-glucosido)-D-Glucose
  • 4-(β-δ-glucosido)-δ-Glucose
  • 4-b-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
  • 4-b-delta-Glucopyranosyl-delta-glucopyranose
  • 4-b-δ-Glucopyranosyl-δ-glucopyranose
  • 4-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
  • 4-beta-delta-Glucopyranosyl-delta-glucopyranose
  • 4-O-b-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucose
  • 4-O-b-delta-Glucopyranosyl-delta-glucose
  • 4-O-b-δ-Glucopyranosyl-δ-glucose
  • 4-O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucose
  • 4-O-beta-delta-Glucopyranosyl-delta-glucose
  • 4-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucose
  • 4-O-β-δ-Glucopyranosyl-δ-glucose
  • 4-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
  • 4-β-δ-Glucopyranosyl-δ-glucopyranose
  • Cellobiose
  • Cellose
  • D-(+)-Cellobiose
  • D-Cellobiose
  • D-Glucosyl-b-(1-4)-D-glucose
  • D-Glucosyl-b-(1->4)-D-glucose
  • D-Glucosyl-beta-(1-4)-D-glucose
  • D-Glucosyl-beta-(1->4)-D-glucose
  • D-Glucosyl-β-(1-4)-D-glucose
  • D-Glucosyl-β-(1->4)-D-glucose
  • Delta-(+)-Cellobiose
  • Delta-Cellobiose
  • delta-Glucosyl-b-(1-4)-delta-glucose
  • delta-Glucosyl-b-(1->4)-delta-glucose
  • Delta-Glucosyl-beta-(1-4)-delta-glucose
  • Delta-Glucosyl-beta-(1->4)-delta-glucose
  • δ-(+)-Cellobiose
  • δ-Cellobiose
  • δ-Glucosyl-b-(1-4)-δ-glucose
  • δ-Glucosyl-b-(1->4)-δ-glucose
  • δ-Glucosyl-β-(1-4)-δ-glucose
  • δ-Glucosyl-β-(1->4)-δ-glucose
Chemical Formula:C12H22O11
Weight:Average: 342.2965
Monoisotopic: 342.116211546
InChI Key:GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QRZGKKJRSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5-,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11-,12+/m1/s1
CAS number:528-50-7
IUPAC Name:(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}oxane-3,4,5-triol
Traditional IUPAC Name:β-cellobiose
SMILES:OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as o-glycosyl compounds. These are glycoside in which a sugar group is bonded through one carbon to another group via a O-glycosidic bond.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentO-glycosyl compounds
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • O-glycosyl compound
  • Disaccharide
  • Oxane
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Hemiacetal
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Polyol
  • Acetal
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary alcohol
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State:Solid
Charge:0
Melting point:229-230 °C
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility:111.0 mg/mL at 15 oC [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]PhysProp
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility586 g/LALOGPS
logP-3ALOGPS
logP-4.7ChemAxon
logS0.23ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.25ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count11ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count8ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area189.53 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity68.34 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability31.08 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
Bioavailability0ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations:Cytoplasm
Reactions:
SMPDB Pathways:
Starch and sucrose metabolismPW000941 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG Pathways:
EcoCyc Pathways:Not Available
Concentrations
Not Available
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 MEOX; 8 TMS)splash10-0wmi-1794000000-0677096b4c9ccf48f063View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 MEOX; 8 TMS)splash10-0uxr-1793000000-4b9e3693e06370d25b79View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (8 TMS)splash10-0udi-0592000000-fd6c9b6fc37768f90f50View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0uxs-0951000000-5a3ac52d468ddc5c332aView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0uxr-0951000000-c862eeafae784cc54fa3View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-03e9-4897000000-332d470623cd7f1e1cedView in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (4 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-014i-3222149000-51b76bf2eab425e81425View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_3_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_3_16) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_4_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_4_10) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_4_11) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_4_12) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_4_20) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_4_32) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_4_33) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS ("Cellobiose,3TBDMS,#3" TMS) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_5) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_6) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_7) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-03di-0901000000-4f5e21e94576c46b5a30View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-000i-9300000000-e62e4ba03fc46e7f06bcView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-000i-9000000000-ca047c1ce7b82c7aa87cView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0ab9-9000000000-c4ddbfcb86ed7714925bView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0fki-9600000000-684f3e6bfcb4b3f65879View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0ik9-2900000000-6f8ce9de315ceb48511cView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0ik9-3900000000-a7560da5d35c827f8b96View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0fki-9600000000-555afe933920df7d007fView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0uki-9600000000-deabb4159817d4b7a024View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0ik9-3900000000-b9ab5098e40517a0129cView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0ab9-9000000000-516fe731f3fd059e37abView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0ab9-9000000000-7fe640a698bed4f9e4c6View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-01tc-0419000000-7756e1f28bcc76e75af1View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03fr-1915000000-f7a01cbe1a1eba1f39b1View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-01we-4920000000-0dcd848ee51f4218f67aView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0006-2379000000-abb41b2f1a43083992caView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0200-3923000000-87a71f93194716a7f75dView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-004l-6900000000-a0954b0f7ffc379d1deeView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0006-0109000000-9d0f9a68a67bafd734abView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-01rw-3898000000-7f495a1bcfdbed6466c4View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-01ti-9210000000-b8a83657f0266d372beeView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000x-1069000000-9cd867711bca0eecf935View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0006-9365000000-65403961bfb5e35eaa0dView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-000l-9200000000-0de9785c1c5df1430dd2View in MoNA
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H,1H] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
References
References:
  • Cain WJ, Millar JS, Himebauch AS, Tietge UJ, Maugeais C, Usher D, Rader DJ: Lipoprotein [a] is cleared from the plasma primarily by the liver in a process mediated by apolipoprotein [a]. J Lipid Res. 2005 Dec;46(12):2681-91. Epub 2005 Sep 8. Pubmed: 16150825
  • Calero M, Ghiso J: Radiolabeling of amyloid-beta peptides. Methods Mol Biol. 2005;299:325-48. Pubmed: 15980615
  • Cobden I, Hamilton I, Rothwell J, Axon AT: Cellobiose/mannitol test: physiological properties of probe molecules and influence of extraneous factors. Clin Chim Acta. 1985 May 15;148(1):53-62. Pubmed: 3924445
  • Garcia-Martos P, Garcia-Agudo L, Ruiz-Aragon J, Saldarreaga A, Marin P: [Carbohydrate assimilation by clinical and environmental Rhodotorula glutinis strains] Rev Iberoam Micol. 2004 Jun;21(2):90-2. Pubmed: 15538836
  • Hu WL, Chindemi PA, Regoeczi E: In vivo behaviour of rat transferrin bearing a hybrid glycan and its interaction with macrophages. Biochem Cell Biol. 1992 Aug;70(8):636-42. Pubmed: 1476702
  • Johansson AG, Sundqvist T, Skogh T: IgG immune complex binding to and activation of liver cells. An in vitro study with IgG immune complexes, Kupffer cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatocytes. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2000 Apr;121(4):329-36. Pubmed: 10828724
  • Juby LD, Rothwell J, Axon AT: Cellobiose/mannitol sugar test--a sensitive tubeless test for coeliac disease: results on 1010 unselected patients. Gut. 1989 Apr;30(4):476-80. Pubmed: 2497056
  • Kaczmarczyk A, Blom AM, Alston-Smith J, Sjoquist M, Fries E: Plasma bikunin: half-life and tissue uptake. Mol Cell Biochem. 2005 Mar;271(1-2):61-7. Pubmed: 15881656
  • Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114. Pubmed: 22080510
  • Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590. Pubmed: 21097882
  • Matsuura Y: Degradation of konjac glucomannan by enzymes in human feces and formation of short-chain fatty acids by intestinal anaerobic bacteria. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1998 Jun;44(3):423-36. Pubmed: 9742462
  • Morita T, Ozawa M, Ito H, Kimio S, Kiriyama S: Cellobiose is extensively digested in the small intestine by beta-galactosidase in rats. Nutrition. 2008 Nov-Dec;24(11-12):1199-204. Epub 2008 Aug 26. Pubmed: 18752931
  • Nakamura S, Oku T, Ichinose M: Bioavailability of cellobiose by tolerance test and breath hydrogen excretion in humans. Nutrition. 2004 Nov-Dec;20(11-12):979-83. Pubmed: 15561487
  • Potier M, Dallaire L, Melancon SB: Occurrence and properties of fetal intestinal glycosidases (disaccharidases) in human amniotic fluid. Biol Neonate. 1975;27(3-4):141-52. Pubmed: 241430
  • Sakamoto M, Huang Y, Umeda M, Ishikawa I, Benno Y: Prevotella multiformis sp. nov., isolated from human subgingival plaque. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2005 Mar;55(Pt 2):815-9. Pubmed: 15774668
  • van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25. Pubmed: 17765195
  • Welcker K, Martin A, Kolle P, Siebeck M, Gross M: Increased intestinal permeability in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Med Res. 2004 Oct 29;9(10):456-60. Pubmed: 15546811
  • Winder, C. L., Dunn, W. B., Schuler, S., Broadhurst, D., Jarvis, R., Stephens, G. M., Goodacre, R. (2008). "Global metabolic profiling of Escherichia coli cultures: an evaluation of methods for quenching and extraction of intracellular metabolites." Anal Chem 80:2939-2948. Pubmed: 18331064
Synthesis Reference:Machida, Makoto; Hosokawa, Koji. Enzymic preparation of cellooligosaccharide with cellulase. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho (2006), 20pp. CODEN: JKXXAF JP 2006204294 A 20060810 CAN 145:187210 AN 2006:786561
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID17057
HMDB IDHMDB00055
Pubchem Compound ID439178
Kegg IDC00185
ChemSpider ID10261
WikipediaCellobiose
BioCyc IDCELLOBIOSE
EcoCyc IDCELLOBIOSE
Ligand ExpoCBI

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sugar phosphotransferase activity
Specific function:
The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active -transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in arbutin, cellobiose, and salicin transport
Gene Name:
ascF
Uniprot ID:
P24241
Molecular weight:
51025
Reactions
Protein EIIB N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine/cysteine + sugar = protein EIIB + sugar phosphate.
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Specific function:
Hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D- glucosyl residues with release of beta-D-glucose
Gene Name:
bglX
Uniprot ID:
P33363
Molecular weight:
83459
Reactions
Hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-glucosyl residues with release of beta-D-glucose.
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Hydrolyzes carboxymethylcellulose
Gene Name:
bcsZ
Uniprot ID:
P37651
Molecular weight:
41700
Reactions
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose, lichenin and cereal beta-D-glucans.

Transporters

General function:
Involved in protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sugar phosphotransferase activity
Specific function:
The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active -transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in arbutin, cellobiose, and salicin transport
Gene Name:
ascF
Uniprot ID:
P24241
Molecular weight:
51025
Reactions
Protein EIIB N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine/cysteine + sugar = protein EIIB + sugar phosphate.
General function:
Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:
Involved in the efflux of sugars. The physiological role may be the detoxification of non-metabolizable sugar analogs
Gene Name:
setC
Uniprot ID:
P31436
Molecular weight:
43493